authors (basic)
Table basics
PmWiki has two types of table markup; the markup described in this page is useful for creating tables with lots of small cells, while table directive markups help with larger scale tables. For more possibilities with table formatting see Cookbook:FormattingTables.
Tables are created via use of the double pipe character: ||. Lines beginning with this markup denote rows in a table; within such lines the double-pipe is used to delimit cells. In the examples below a border is added for illustration (the default is no border).
Basic table
|| border=1
|| cell 1 || cell 2 || cell 3 ||
|| cell 1 || cell 2 || cell 3 || |
| cell 1 | cell 2 | cell 3 |
| cell 1 | cell 2 | cell 3 |
|
Header cells can be created by placing ! as the first character of a cell. Note that these are table headers, not headings, so it doesn’t extend to !!, !!!, etc.
Table headers
|| border=1
||! cell 1 ||! cell 2 ||! cell 3 ||
|| cell 1 || cell 2 || cell 3 || |
| cell 1 | cell 2 | cell 3 |
|---|
| cell 1 | cell 2 | cell 3 |
|
A table can have a caption, indicated by ||!caption!||. Any caption must appear prior to other rows of the table.
Table caption
|| border=1
||! A special table !||
||! cell 1 ||! cell 2 ||! cell 3 ||
|| cell 1 || cell 2 || cell 3 || |
A special table
| cell 1 | cell 2 | cell 3 |
|---|
| cell 1 | cell 2 | cell 3 |
|
Formatting cell contents
Cell contents may be aligned left, centered, or aligned right.
- To left-align contents, place the cell contents next to the leading
||.
- To center contents, add a space before and after the cell contents.
- To right-align contents, place a space before the cell contents and leave the cell contents next to the trailing
||.
Cell alignments
|| border=1 width=100%
||!cell 1 ||! cell 2 ||! cell 3||
||left-aligned || centered || right-aligned|| |
| cell 1 | cell 2 | cell 3 |
|---|
| left-aligned | centered | right-aligned |
|
Default cell alignments
|| border=1 width=100%
||!cell default||!cell left ||
||default-aligned||left-aligned || |
| cell default | cell left |
|---|
| default-aligned | left-aligned |
|
Note that header and detail cells have different default alignments.
To get a cell to span multiple columns, follow the cell with empty cells.
(At present there is no markup for spanning rows.)
Column spanning
|| border=1 width=100%
|| |||| right column ||
|| || middle column ||||
|| left column ||||||
|| left column || middle column || right column ||
|
| | right column |
| | middle column |
| left column |
| left column | middle column | right column |
|
Table attributes
Any line that begins with || but doesn’t have a closing || sets the table attributes for any tables that follow. These attributes can control the size and position of the table, borders, background color, and cell spacing. (In fact these are just standard HTML attributes that are placed in the <table> tag.)
Use the width= attribute to set a table’s width, using either a percentage value or an absolute size.
Table width
|| border=1 width=100%
|| cell 1 || cell 2 || cell 3 ||
|| c1 || cellcellcellcell2 || cell 3 || |
| cell 1 | cell 2 | cell 3 |
| c1 | cellcellcellcell2 | cell 3 |
|
The border= attribute sets the size of a table’s borders.
Bordered and borderless tables
|| border=10
||!cell 1 ||! cell 2 ||! cell 3||
||left-aligned || centered || right-aligned||
|| border=0
||!cell 1 ||! cell 2 ||! cell 3||
||left-aligned || centered || right-aligned|| |
| cell 1 | cell 2 | cell 3 |
|---|
| left-aligned | centered | right-aligned |
| cell 1 | cell 2 | cell 3 |
|---|
| left-aligned | centered | right-aligned |
|
Use align=center, align=left, and align=right to center, left, or right align a table. Note that align=left and align=right create a floating table, such that text wraps around the table.
Table alignment
|| border=1 align=center
||!cell 1 ||! cell 2 ||! cell 3||
||left-aligned || centered || right-aligned||
|| border=1 align=left
||!cell 1 ||! cell 2 ||! cell 3||
||left-aligned || centered || right-aligned||
Notice how text wraps to the right of a table using "align=left". |
| cell 1 | cell 2 | cell 3 |
|---|
| left-aligned | centered | right-aligned |
| cell 1 | cell 2 | cell 3 |
|---|
| left-aligned | centered | right-aligned |
Notice how text wraps to the right of a table using “align=left”.
|
The bgcolor= attribute sets the background color for a table. At present there is no way to specify the color of individual rows or cells in this type of table (but see Cookbook:FormattingTables).
|| border=1 align=center bgcolor=yellow
||!cell 1 ||! cell 2 ||! cell 3||
||left-aligned || centered || right-aligned|| |
| cell 1 | cell 2 | cell 3 |
|---|
| left-aligned | centered | right-aligned |
|
Other examples
A more complex table
%define=sp padding-right:1em font-weight:bold%
|| border=1
|| [++Events Calendar++] ||||||||||
|| '''May 2005''' || '''June 2005''' || '''July 2005''' || '''August
2005''' || '''September 2005''' ||
||%sp%'''10'''%%6:30 - 8:30 Big Meeting\\\
%sp%'''17'''%%7:00 - 8:30 Bigger Meeting\\\
%sp%'''24'''%%7:00 - 8:30 Biggest Meeting|| || || || ||
|| '''October 2005''' || '''November 2005''' || '''December 2005''' ||
'''January 2006''' || '''February 2006''' ||
|| || || || || ||
|
| Events Calendar |
| May 2005 | June 2005 | July 2005 | August 2005 | September 2005 |
106:30 - 8:30 Big Meeting
177:00 - 8:30 Bigger Meeting
247:00 - 8:30 Biggest Meeting | | | | |
| October 2005 | November 2005 | December 2005 | January 2006 | February 2006 |
| | | | | |
|
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Q How do I create nice tables similar to Product X?
A See tables and table directives.